It is because of my respect and
adoration of the German Resistance during the Third Reich, that I admire the
German Military Intelligence; Abwehr during World War II. They inspired me to
change my Blog from Force 1109 to Abwehr 1109. I will post information about
this MI from Wikipedia and other links.
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| German Resistance Memorial Center |
The
Abwehr was a German military intelligence (information gathering)
organization which existed from 1920 to 1945. Despite that the Treaty of
Versailles prohibited the establishment of a German intelligence organization
altogether, they formed an espionage group in 1920 anyway within their defence
ministry, calling it the Abwehr with its purpose being the defence
against foreign espionage - an organizational role which evolved considerably
over time. As part of its implied task of counterespionage, the Abwehr
gathered both domestic and foreign information, most of it human intelligence
in nomenclature. Under General Kurt von Schleicher the individual military
service intelligence units were combined and in 1929, placed under his Ministry
of Defence, forming the foundation for the more commonly understood
manifestation of the Abwehr. Each Abwehr station throughout
Germany was based on military (army) districts and more offices were opened in
amenable neutral countries and in the occupied territories as the greater Reich
expanded. When Hitler replaced the Ministry of War with the OKW and made the
organization part of the Führer's personal "working staff" in June
1938, the Abwehr became its intelligence agency and Vice-Admiral Wilhelm
Canaris was placed at the head of the organization. The headquarters (HQ) of
the Abwehr were located at 76/78 Tirpitzufer, Berlin, adjacent to the
offices of the OKW.
Before
Canaris
Under
Canaris
Before
the War
Canaris
to Spain
1938
reorganisation
Ast
/ Abwehrstelle
Operational
structure in neutral countries
Canaris
and Die Schwarze Kapelle
Pre-war
activities and Abwehr intrigue
During
World War II
Minor
successes
Commissar
Order
North
Africa
Questionable
commitment
Repression
and NS complicity
Undermining
the regime
The
Frau Solf Tea Party and the end of the Abwehr
Effectiveness
and Legacy
Chiefs
See
also
- 20 July plot
- Dietrich Bonhoeffer
- Eddie Chapman, a prominent British double agent who infiltrated the Abwehr and fed intelligence to MI5 during World War II. He was so trusted by the Germans that he is the only British citizen to ever have been awarded the Iron Cross.
- German Resistance
- Hermann Giskes—Leading light in the Abwehr Englandspiel operation in the Netherlands
- Irish Republican Army – Abwehr collaboration in World War II
- Operation Salaam, a long-range mission into British-held Egypt during World War II
- Oskar Schindler, another Abwehr agent
- Hans Oster, Canaris' deputy
Grams,
Grant W.: “Enemies within our bosom, Nazi Sabotage in Canada”, in John Ferris,
Jim Keeley, Terry Terriff (eds.) Journal of Military and Strategic Studies,
2012.
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